Belonging Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Having a place - Essay Example This is where our family settled. My improved life after jail was set to be a piece of this changed town. â€Å"Man must live!† my companion, who had a place here, urged as he attempted to get ready for something to eat in the doomed structure where we had discovered asylum. He turned into my buddy that regardless of the hustles of what life had presented; a light toward the finish of this appearing to be interminable passage was prominent. My musings were stuck on the originality of what the town introduced to me. The town aliveness that used to rule around evening time during those days of yore was no more. Individuals used to move each night however that was currently a relic of days gone by. As the rising of the cooking strengthened, inclining toward the bar, which was the principle backing of the structure, some tap! tap! tap!(onomatopoeia) sound could be gotten notification from a separation. Thought began streaming in my brain. The means however firm, couldn't stand to miss they were for a lady. Be that as it may, what might a lady do outside at such a late night hour? May be a witch? (Talk question) Farming is the essential action of this network is as yet done utilizing the old tool strategies. Chasing is polished here yet because of its manual contribution, it is just a men’s undertaking that are sufficiently manly to deal with the cruelty of the wilderness. It isn't the way of life of individuals who had a place here with have ladies stroll around evening time except if something is unprecedented. Ladies stay inside around evening time and men take care of crises however life in this town appeared to have chosen to follow its own musings (similitude). As my companion served the food he had arranged for our dinner, he continued portraying the occasions of what the town had happened to. The stars that were noticeable through the destroyed top of this house appeared to hub on everything this companion of mine was letting me know. The food had not changed as it helped me to remember my mother’s luxuries that bound us all together.

Public Relation Consultant

Presentation Public Relations (PR) alludes to the way toward guaranteeing legitimate correspondence between an individual, a business or a charitable creation association and the general population to keep up a decent picture. An open connection specialist is the individual worried about the above assignment and guarantees that his customers and his organization have a positive picture towards the public.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Public Relation Consultant explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most of the organizations and associations have an open connection advisor who manages people in general. A portion of the obligations of an open connection advisor incorporate managing question and answer sessions, deals with any data to be promoted on media houses, acquainting new items with general society, publicizing the company’s item, planning talks and speaking to the organization in the network projects[1]. The significant worry of an open connection expert is to depict a positive picture of his organization to people in general. The accompanying paper will investigate the field of open connection specialist according to the favorable circumstances and disservices, the Cost of Element of an open connection firm, how to meet the cost component of a PR firm and the capability of a PR professional. Points of interest of an open connection expert An open connection advisor empowers the organization to reach whatever number individuals as could reasonably be expected without acquiring a lot of cost in commercial. Dissimilar to promoting bodies that lone depict the positive picture of an organization by adulating it, PR advisor dissects an organization unbiasedly and basically, empowering the customers to comprehend the organization well without predisposition or misrepresentation. Individuals from various fields of specialization counsel advertising firms, in this manner empowering them to get expanded understa nding. This makes it simpler for the PR firms to fit well in the serious activity advertise. Likewise, individuals working in fields, for example, wellbeing, business, mass correspondence, instruction may counsel open connection authority hence giving them involvement with their field of specialization. For example, they might be familiar with information on the state of the market, planning, media, among others[2]. Advertising specialists furnish its customers with a decent notoriety and improve their degree of competency in the market. Through their recommendation, they will assist their customers with being exceptional and separate one business from the other. On the off chance that the customer isn't satisfied with the administrations of a counseling firm, he can end the agreement with due notification. This is a preferred position to the customers since he/she can have the option to get the best counseling administrations possible.Advertising Looking for inquire about paper on interchanges media? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Through PR benefits, the open will in general trust one firm’s administrations and to believe in its business. This implies Public Relations improves validity a lot. Since one of the PR regions of specialization is in the issues of press, their distribution concerning the business gives it the picture of a star. A great many people like to connect with VIPs; along these lines, they will rush in the business because of the picture depicted by PR. At the point when a business puts long haul ventures to PR, there is a steady improvement in the net revenues. This is a direct result of the proceeded with open mindfulness concerning your business, along these lines increments in deals and consequently advantages of the economies of scale (Hunter, 2009). Drawbacks of open connection expert An advertising firm might be having deficient data concerning a client’s fiel d of specialization, along these lines having a minor effect to the prosperity of his business. An open connection specialist might be focusing to spoil the picture of an organization he is working for in this manner prompting its destruction. After some time, the open picture of PR specialists has been discolored, making the open have a negative demeanor towards them. All things considered, the media has been in the forefront attempting to persuade general society on the deceptive nature of the PR experts. This has thusly prompted most organizations avoiding private speculators in this field or having their own inside their organizations. The cost component of a Public Relations Consulting Firm The estimation of open connection consultancy isn't characterized yet it fluctuates as per the kind of business. The greatest test in esteeming advertising originates from the meaning of significant worth, which alludes to the fiscal worth or material return as per business or relative worth . At the point when relative worth comes, it implies it is in examination with something and will vary contingent upon the district since apparent worth varies topographically. Along these lines, a PR can be contrasted with the accompanying components so as to accomplish its worth; â€Å"Initial need of the purchaser, starting need if the dealer, saw want of the purchaser, saw want of the merchant, saw estimation of the administration, saw estimation of the administration comparative with other help, saw estimation of the administration conveyance individual, saw estimation of the client† [3]. By and large, PR manages administration conveyance, which takes distinctive time lengths for preparation.Advertising We will compose a custom research paper test on Public Relation Consultant explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Ways of paying the cost component of a PR firm When meeting the expense of a PR firm, it is recommendable to pay for execution so as to guaran tee responsibility from the PR advisors. The picture of PR has been spoiled for quite a while on the grounds that, for quite a while, the customers have been paying for the remaining task at hand and not the nature of the administrations. For example, the greater part of them have been requesting a lot of retainers for them to proceed with their support of the customers. They have been utilized to long unlimited gatherings of which the customer needs to pay for the sitting stipends relying upon the timeframe spent, and paying little heed to the nature of their public statement, expenses must be paid for it[4]. To spare the circumstance, most customers are presently demanding paying for execution instead of the remaining task at hand or time. This is an extraordinary test to the customary type of PR since customers used to pay singular amounts without an assurance that the PR specialists will meet their point. The idea that was there generally that the administration gave must be pai d to at any rate made the PR experts need responsibility. Paying for execution model is firmly identified with ROI (Return on Investment), which is a presentation measure that analyzes the proficiency of various types of speculation. To get the estimation of ROI, you separate the distinction between increase of a speculation and the expense of the venture by the expense of speculation. For this situation, the expense of speculation ought to be lower than the increase from the venture. At the point when PR administrations are paid by execution, it gets simpler to esteem its expense with certainty that both the specialist and the customer are contented[5]. Capability of a PR expert Basing our article Britain Chartered Institute of Public Relations (CIPR), an advertising specialist must be a holder of the accompanying capabilities. To be an individual from CIPR, an individual must have either a CIPR confirmation in advertising, or 4 years involvement with PR and approved CIPR capabilit ies, or 6 years involvement with PR and give a Certificate of Professional/Personal Development 1year in the wake of joining, or 10 years involvement with PR. To be a partner of CIPR, one must be a holder of a propelled declaration in PR or approved CIPR capabilities or 3years involvement with PR[6] (ABE, 2006, pg 446) Apart from the expert capability, a PR should have superb composing aptitudes since the majority of their work is situated recorded as a hard copy public statement. He must be curious and wary so as to have the option to comprehend the idea driving every association. This is on the grounds that PR specialists disclose to others about a specific business or association subsequently he ought to have a wide information in each field e is managing in. He ought to be mentally inquisitive on doing PR in new manners and being expectant[7].Advertising Searching for investigate paper on interchanges media? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More A PR should be energetic and enthusiastic in completing his obligations by inspecting each piece of his work hopefully. He ought to be devoted in his work because of the hardened rivalry in the market and ought to be refreshed. He ought to guarantee that he works with uprightness and practice straightforwardness in the entirety of his articles to abstain from polluting his picture and that of his customers. He ought to be unassuming since managing open may on occasion be embarrassing and should share his revelations liberally. In addition, he should be adaptable to such an extent that he ready to grasp change with little difficulties and prepared to learn new technology[8]. End Public relations division assumes a significant job in each association since it decides its open picture and the government assistance of the organization. It is possible that it very well may be a piece of an association or it tends to be utilized secretly. This sort of occupation has its upsides and downsid es, consequently should be maneuvered carefully. On the planet we are living in today, it is critical to check the proficiency of the PR execution since if not completed industriously; it very well may be difficult for an organization to sparkle in the serious activity advertise. The PR staff ought to gain the essential characteristics through preparing before rehearsing consultancy. Catalog Binkley, Sheena. PR work obligations, 2010, http://www.ehow.co.uk/list_6700916_pr-work duties.html . Horton, James. What does it cost? The estimation of PR administrations, 2002. http://www.online-pr.com/Holding/Whatdoesitcost-article.pdf . Konanykhin, Alexander. With regards to PR, Pay For Performance, Not Time, 2010. http://advertising.about.com/od/

Dystopian Social Contract

, Research Paper The book Zen and the Art of Archery, by Eugen Herrigel, talks about the spiritualty associated with the workmanship signifier in the games of bows and arrows. In this book, Herrigel portrays numerous aspects of how arrow based weaponry is, truth be told, non a games, however a craftsmanship signifier, and is extremely strict to those in the E. As a histrion, this book encourages you to use your spiritualty in your playing. Toxophilism, in this book, was the way that the essayist discovered his way into Zen Buddhism. He considered this craftsmanship, which is alluded to as the # 8220 ; open workmanship, # 8221 ; to infer involvement with the field of Zen Buddhism. From the start, one may accept that arrow based weaponry has no topographic point in Zen, yet, through treatment and record, it is uncovered that bows and arrows is fairly a major part of Zen. It is non through the existent physical feature of hiting pointers at marks that arrow based weaponry is Zen, however through the workmanship and spiritualty through which it is performed. We will compose a custom exposition test on Zen And The Art Of Archery Essay or then again any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page It is non essentially hiting a pointer to hit an imprint, however going yourself the imprint thus, in twist, hitting yourself, of class non truly, yet profoundly, and by run intoing the strict end, you will so run into the physical end. The opposition is, subsequently non with the pointer or the imprint yet with oneself. The entire specialty of bows and arrows is inward, inside oneself, and non outside with the bow and pointers. The procurement method for the Zen in bows and arrows is a long strategy, focusing from the outset on pulling the bow # 8220 ; profoundly, # 8221 ; so making a trip on to keeping the pointer and in the long run to # 8220 ; # 8216 ; fring # 8217 ; the bolt. # 8221 ; Archery is, in the feeling of Zen, is depicted as a stately, with the central end being to have the option to execute it # 8220 ; easily. # 8221 ; The idea is to, as said by Herrigel # 8217 ; s teacher, # 8220 ; stop accepting about the shot. # 8221 ; Once you quit accepting about the shooting it w ill go on, yet until in this way, it will non. To genuinely have the option to non accept about the shooting is to hold to # 8220 ; let travel of yourself, # 8221 ; as said by the maestro. The primary preliminary, of sorts, taken by Herrigel in the nation of bows and arrows, was five mature ages into his surveies. This preliminary comprised non completely of achievements, yet close to of the strict feature of arrow based weaponry. After that preliminary, which was passed by all with winging colourss, the arrangement was finished. Herrigel, subsequent to inquisitive his maestro how they gathering would secure on without him, tungsten as addressed that they had changed and that it was non fundamental for him to take them any more. At the point when turn toing the idea that Zen had just been associated with the specialty of arrow based weaponry in late history, Herrigel expressed that bows and arrows, only as all other Nipponese workmanship signifiers, had been identified with Zen from the earliest starting point and that it was non another incident by any stretch of the imagination. Comparable to what is going on in Acting I, this book may, from the outset, appear to be unimportant. By the rubric even, one may accept that, great, this is just roughly bows and arrows, and this has nil to make with playing, yet that s non the example. This book identifies with moving, non by talking about moving, yet through the treatment of spiritualty. This book is in certainty an incredible asset for histrions, for that particular ground. It doesn t state you how to move in the physical sense, however it reveals to you how to move in the strict sense. Despite the fact that the book is straight around arrow based weaponry, it very well may be applied to about anything. The idea of Zen is non simply to be applied to what it is as of now utilized for, yet for everything that you do. You can use Zen in all that you do, to do it increasingly strict. In moving, you can use it to go increasingly partnered to your character and to the condition of affairss you are working with. Bing pr ofoundly associated with the playing improves it and simpler. Similar builds that improve bows and arrows while using Zen, improve moving. On the off chance that a histrion is non profoundly in tune with what he is making, he will non appropriately procure his point over, and his playing will non be great. By using Zen he will be associated with the piece and, so he will have the option to demo what should be appeared, and he will gain his point across with ease. Zen is non simply utilized for the Nipponese humanistic controls. It very well may be consolidated into everyday activities to improve. Zen, despite the fact that in this book was just talked about concerning arrow based weaponry, is extremely different. The craft of arrow based weaponry is a lot of like moving, in light of the fact that it is only idea of as physical, where moving is thought of as trick, while, through Zen, they are both strict rather than simply physical. Subsequent to perusing this book, any inclinations I had around toxophilism being totally physical are gone, and I currently realize that most anything can be strict using Zen.

The components of cultural identity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The parts of social character - Essay Example Their comprehension of exactly how to roll out a conduct improvement occur and keep up it in a supportable manner is amazing. Australian organizations do comprehend the qualities that underlie underneath a qualities based initiative. (Human asset magazine, 2009) One of the Australia’s greatest grocery store chains is Woolworth retailers. Woolworths have prevailing situation in some staple goods just as buyer enthusiasm for gadgets. Woolworths Limited came in to being in 1924, first store at royal arcade. The organization has the logo of â€Å"The Fresh Food People† and it is renowned all through Aussie as key trademark to speak to companies’ procedure. On 22 August 2008, Woolworth re-propelled its way of life as a serious position for present day, more secure and increasingly amiable brand. Woolworth utilizes forceful limited time system. Woolworth understands the significance that advancing the item before its dispatch in the market. Advancement gets attractive outcomes and benefits. Woolworth utilizes parts of culture character to make and market its items and administrations. Section # 1 As characterize by Jamson2007 in his book class contrasts frequently characterize gatherings of individuals sharing normal qualities, conduct, mentalities. Despite the fact that wellsprings of riches may contrast, the rich regularly share esteems and conduct like others. Woolworth realizes that its tip top clients esteem quality most importantly. So relying on the requests of its clients, Woolworth makes and markets its items. Woolworth realizes that for better quality items the best quality crude materials must be use. To guarantee that its items are quality endorsed it forces TQM (all out quality administration). For unique Woolies-creation lines the nearby apparel makers need to isolate Woolies creation lines from others in their plant. This is for guaranteeing legitimate quality control techniques and quality interest prerequisites. Woolworth builds its publicizing procedure considering the objective market. Woolworth target status-cognizant customer base who esteem their notoriety above everything else and measure it as far as quality at impolite value ranges. For such quality esteeming class, Woolworth guarantees the methodology of even at a small amount of cost gets twofold the quality.† Such procedure of offering twofold quality at every penny draws in the privileged customers, who share regular qualities and conduct and even mentalities. Jameson2007 further calls attention to that the distinction of social class relies upon family ancestry, big name, or force. Thus, Woolworth attempts its best to advance new objective markets utilizing such methods. For example, Woolworth has had a go at drawing in progressively princely customer base by presenting new product offerings related with conspicuous originators or famous people. An ongoing case of such is the new publicizing effort of Jupiter Drawing Room in The Cape Town . Woolworth â€Å"W† Collection advertisements highlighted notable business customers including Seeff Properties' Samuel Seeff, Sasol's Christine Ramon and other notable commanders of the business all gladly wearing the Woolies W Collection. It is an extraordinary publicizing methodology that is been use as a tribute course since today clients from age bunches watch out for increasingly slanted towards superstars and their decisions. Paragraph#2 Organizational technique and dynamic regularly needs to represent social contrasts identified with thickness or provincial

How to Handle an Unexpected Bill

How to Handle an Unexpected Bill How to Handle an Unexpected Bill How to Handle an Unexpected BillHaving an emergency fund is a great way to handle surprise expenses, but what if the bill’s a mistake?Let’s set the sceneYou’ve settled into your couch after a long day at work. You’ve turned on Dancing With The Stars and are pumped for an hour of watching Frankie Muniz try to tango. You’ve got that day’s mail on your lapâ€"but you’re not worried. All your bills are up to date.And then suddenly there it is: an unpaid bill from the hospital. What the heck? You get up and check your files. You’re sure that you paid that bill from your daughter’s gall bladder surgery…In an instant, your quiet night of watching Terrell Owens go head-to-head with Barbara Corcoran on the glittering dance floor is ruined. Now you have to deal with this stupid bill that’s throwing your carefully planned finances into a tizzy.Unexpected bills mean unexpected headachesFor many folks, handling major expenses like medical and car repair bills isn’t easy. Ac cording to a study from the Kaiser Family Foundation, 45 percent of Americans report that they would have trouble paying a surprise bill of only $500. That same study also found that, among people with incomes under $40,000, 35 percent don’t think they’d be able to pay that bill at all.Paying off these kinds of surprise expenses is one reason that people turn to payday loans and title loans. These short-term no credit check loans come with extremely high interest ratesâ€"the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) estimates [PDF] an average APR of 339 percent for payday loansâ€"which is why they can all too easy trap borrowers in a dangerous cycle of debt.When it comes dealing with an unexpected bill, sketchy no credit check loans or pricy  cash advances on your credit card are clearly not the answer. Taking one out could only dig you deeper in the financial hole.Some unexpected bills are not to be trusted.Before figuring out just how you’re going to pay off that surprise bill, you first need to determine that the bill is legitimate. In a world that is rife with hackers and con artistsâ€"where incidents like the Equifax Hack and post-hurricane scammers can happen within a month of each otherâ€"you can never be too careful.Plus, it’s very well possible that a bill you’ve received was sent to you in error. (That’s the type of scenario we outlined in the opening section.) Lenders, debt collectors, hospitals, and utility companies are, after all, perfectly capable of making mistakes. Some even engage in shady, possibly illegal practices that deliberately mislead you as to what you owe.it’s not as though all lenders, credit card companies, and utilities are  In some cases, a bill will be a flat out scam. In other cases, it will just be the result of a clerical error.The two most common types of unexpected billsJim Wang (@WalletHacks) is a personal finance expert who shares his strategies for achieving financial independence on his blog, Wallet Ha cks. In regards to bills that are fake or inaccurate, he says that the most common kinds are medical bills and debts that are in collections:“Medical bills are notoriously hard to read, can often be coded incorrectly, and since theyre linked with something you know happened (some kind of treatment) its easy to fall into the trap of paying it.”“As for collections, thats a debt that was sold off and collection agencies can be very aggressive in how they try to recoup that money. Many times they cant even prove they own the debt in the first place.”How to handle a medical billFor medical bills, you need to go through each line item and confirm its accurate,” says Wang. This will be hard because the coding may be strange but look for anything that looks incorrect (one treatment instead of another) and anything thats added in but that you never received.”“Confirm the dates of the treatment match the date on the line items on each bill. Itll look scary but you need to go thr ough and ask questions about anything you dont recognize, medical billing fraud is huge.”“If theres something nefarious, Id look into calling an attorney,” he says.If you aren’t able to sort the situation out using only the bill itself, then Wang says that it’s time to start making calls:“Get the provider (usually the hospital or utility) and have them explain what each item is and why its on the bill. If you need to, you can call your insurance provider for help if things are unclear. If you dont get results you like, you can call your states department of insurance, they will have a fraud investigation team, and your states medical boards.”“If calling the provider or your insurance company doesnt resolve it, you need to get state and federal agencies involved. If its truly fake, it shouldnt come to that but if it does, reach out to an attorney for help because they will know the ins and outs of navigating that situation within your state.”How to handle a collecti ons billIf you have a bill that’s been sent to collections, there’s a good chance that the debt has been sold to a debt collection agency. This means that the original owner of the debt (a lender, hospital, utility company, etc.) sold the debt to this agency for a fraction of what you actually owed and wrote the rest of it off as a loss. That collection agency is now trying to recoup as much of the debt as they can from you.There have been many instances where collections agencies have used incredibly aggressive tactics (also known as harassment) to recoup the debts that they own. And while some of these tactics are legal, some of them are most definitely not.To learn more, see: What Debt Collectors Can and Can’t Do.If you think a debt collector might be fake, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) offers the following advice:Ask them for their name, address, phone number, and company name.Ask that they send you a “validation notice” in writing.Send them a letter asking that t hey stop calling you as legit debt collectors legally have to do soâ€"but only if you request it in writing.Do not give them any personal information like your SSID, account numbers, etc.Contact the original creditor to whom you owed the debt so that they can confirm its status.Report the call to the FTC, the CFPB, or to your state’s Attorney General.Above all, be preparedIf you receive a surprise bill in the mail, and it turns out to be legitimate, then you’re going to have to pay it.The best way to prep for unexpected expenses is to build and maintain an emergency fund. Start with building up $1,000 dollars, then work your way up to a fund that covers six months worth of expenses. Eventually, you should have enough in savings to cover two years worth of costs.To learn more about building an emergency fundâ€"and other good financial practicesâ€"you should check out our recent blog post: 7 Bad Money Habits That Lead to Bad Credit.Above all, you should avoid predatory  bad credit loans like payday and title loans. If you absolutely have to turn to personal loans to handle your bill, you should probably stick to more affordable installment loans.(And if you’re going to apply for an installment loan, might we suggest you apply for one from OppLoans? We’re awesome, we promise.)Don’t let surprise bills knock off your game. Be thorough, be prepared, and you’ll be back to enjoying Dancing With the Stars before you know it.Have you ever received a bill that you later learned was fake? We want to hear about it! You can email us or you can send us a tweet at @OppLoans.ContributorsJim Wang shares his strategies for getting ahead financially and in life at Wallet Hacks (@WalletHacks). Jim has been writing about personal finance for over ten years and has been featured in the New York Times, Baltimore Sun, Entrepreneur, and Marketplace Money. How to Handle an Unexpected Bill How to Handle an Unexpected Bill How to Handle an Unexpected BillHaving an emergency fund is a great way to handle surprise expenses, but what if the bill’s a mistake?Let’s set the sceneYou’ve settled into your couch after a long day at work. You’ve turned on Dancing With The Stars and are pumped for an hour of watching Frankie Muniz try to tango. You’ve got that day’s mail on your lapâ€"but you’re not worried. All your bills are up to date.And then suddenly there it is: an unpaid bill from the hospital. What the heck? You get up and check your files. You’re sure that you paid that bill from your daughter’s gall bladder surgery…In an instant, your quiet night of watching Terrell Owens go head-to-head with Barbara Corcoran on the glittering dance floor is ruined. Now you have to deal with this stupid bill that’s throwing your carefully planned finances into a tizzy.Unexpected bills mean unexpected headachesFor many folks, handling major expenses like medical and car repair bills isn’t easy. Ac cording to a study from the Kaiser Family Foundation, 45 percent of Americans report that they would have trouble paying a surprise bill of only $500. That same study also found that, among people with incomes under $40,000, 35 percent don’t think they’d be able to pay that bill at all.Paying off these kinds of surprise expenses is one reason that people turn to payday loans and title loans. These short-term no credit check loans come with extremely high interest ratesâ€"the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) estimates [PDF] an average APR of 339 percent for payday loansâ€"which is why they can all too easy trap borrowers in a dangerous cycle of debt.When it comes dealing with an unexpected bill, sketchy no credit check loans or pricy  cash advances on your credit card are clearly not the answer. Taking one out could only dig you deeper in the financial hole.Some unexpected bills are not to be trusted.Before figuring out just how you’re going to pay off that surprise bill, you first need to determine that the bill is legitimate. In a world that is rife with hackers and con artistsâ€"where incidents like the Equifax Hack and post-hurricane scammers can happen within a month of each otherâ€"you can never be too careful.Plus, it’s very well possible that a bill you’ve received was sent to you in error. (That’s the type of scenario we outlined in the opening section.) Lenders, debt collectors, hospitals, and utility companies are, after all, perfectly capable of making mistakes. Some even engage in shady, possibly illegal practices that deliberately mislead you as to what you owe.it’s not as though all lenders, credit card companies, and utilities are  In some cases, a bill will be a flat out scam. In other cases, it will just be the result of a clerical error.The two most common types of unexpected billsJim Wang (@WalletHacks) is a personal finance expert who shares his strategies for achieving financial independence on his blog, Wallet Ha cks. In regards to bills that are fake or inaccurate, he says that the most common kinds are medical bills and debts that are in collections:“Medical bills are notoriously hard to read, can often be coded incorrectly, and since theyre linked with something you know happened (some kind of treatment) its easy to fall into the trap of paying it.”“As for collections, thats a debt that was sold off and collection agencies can be very aggressive in how they try to recoup that money. Many times they cant even prove they own the debt in the first place.”How to handle a medical billFor medical bills, you need to go through each line item and confirm its accurate,” says Wang. This will be hard because the coding may be strange but look for anything that looks incorrect (one treatment instead of another) and anything thats added in but that you never received.”“Confirm the dates of the treatment match the date on the line items on each bill. Itll look scary but you need to go thr ough and ask questions about anything you dont recognize, medical billing fraud is huge.”“If theres something nefarious, Id look into calling an attorney,” he says.If you aren’t able to sort the situation out using only the bill itself, then Wang says that it’s time to start making calls:“Get the provider (usually the hospital or utility) and have them explain what each item is and why its on the bill. If you need to, you can call your insurance provider for help if things are unclear. If you dont get results you like, you can call your states department of insurance, they will have a fraud investigation team, and your states medical boards.”“If calling the provider or your insurance company doesnt resolve it, you need to get state and federal agencies involved. If its truly fake, it shouldnt come to that but if it does, reach out to an attorney for help because they will know the ins and outs of navigating that situation within your state.”How to handle a collecti ons billIf you have a bill that’s been sent to collections, there’s a good chance that the debt has been sold to a debt collection agency. This means that the original owner of the debt (a lender, hospital, utility company, etc.) sold the debt to this agency for a fraction of what you actually owed and wrote the rest of it off as a loss. That collection agency is now trying to recoup as much of the debt as they can from you.There have been many instances where collections agencies have used incredibly aggressive tactics (also known as harassment) to recoup the debts that they own. And while some of these tactics are legal, some of them are most definitely not.To learn more, see: What Debt Collectors Can and Can’t Do.If you think a debt collector might be fake, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) offers the following advice:Ask them for their name, address, phone number, and company name.Ask that they send you a “validation notice” in writing.Send them a letter asking that t hey stop calling you as legit debt collectors legally have to do soâ€"but only if you request it in writing.Do not give them any personal information like your SSID, account numbers, etc.Contact the original creditor to whom you owed the debt so that they can confirm its status.Report the call to the FTC, the CFPB, or to your state’s Attorney General.Above all, be preparedIf you receive a surprise bill in the mail, and it turns out to be legitimate, then you’re going to have to pay it.The best way to prep for unexpected expenses is to build and maintain an emergency fund. Start with building up $1,000 dollars, then work your way up to a fund that covers six months worth of expenses. Eventually, you should have enough in savings to cover two years worth of costs.To learn more about building an emergency fundâ€"and other good financial practicesâ€"you should check out our recent blog post: 7 Bad Money Habits That Lead to Bad Credit.Above all, you should avoid predatory  bad credit loans like payday and title loans. If you absolutely have to turn to personal loans to handle your bill, you should probably stick to more affordable installment loans.(And if you’re going to apply for an installment loan, might we suggest you apply for one from OppLoans? We’re awesome, we promise.)Don’t let surprise bills knock off your game. Be thorough, be prepared, and you’ll be back to enjoying Dancing With the Stars before you know it.Have you ever received a bill that you later learned was fake? We want to hear about it! You can email us or you can send us a tweet at @OppLoans.ContributorsJim Wang shares his strategies for getting ahead financially and in life at Wallet Hacks (@WalletHacks). Jim has been writing about personal finance for over ten years and has been featured in the New York Times, Baltimore Sun, Entrepreneur, and Marketplace Money.

Automation in Google Adwords Essay - 550 Words

Automation in Google Adwords (Article Sample) Content: Automation in Google AdwordsSmall business owners, especially those with limited time to monitor social media, search trends and news, rely on PPC advertising to drive traffic to their products and services. Googleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s pay per click advertising method allows you to bid only for keywords that you want your ads to appear for, and pay each time a person clicks on your ad. What if there was a way to automate your bids so they would go up and down based on search volume? This way at least you would get a higher conversion rate.But is automation really that important? I mean; with Google paid advertising, anybody can appear on the first page of the search engine results. And given that people use the search engines to find information, your ad will surely be seen. But does appearing on the first page guarantee high conversion rates all the time? Well, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s not solely about appearing on the first page; ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s about good PPC management.Look at this s cenario to have a better understanding.Letà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s say you are selling a top celebrityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s T-shirts, but you are not sure when some craziness or that celebrityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s buzz is going to hit the news, and you donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t want to sit all day waiting to click on the Adwords bid trigger. Still, you donà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬t want to bid yourself into the first page position if the celebrity is not in the news. But one thing for sure: you want to be there during the craziness. Sure, on buzz day, the impressions could go over 100 times as much impressions as on a non-buzz day.Well, ità ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s actually possible to automate your bids. You can set your daily budget for specific keywords to increase every time the impressions go over a certain number, say 100. You can also set specific ad text to show when impressions increase to more than 1000à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬or whatever number shows an increase in the activity for those keyword phrases. So, yes, with Adwords automation, your PPC ads c an appear on the top or first page position only durin...

Add Maths Project Work - 1182 Words

PROJECT WORK FOR ADDITIONAL MATHEMATICS 2012 POLYGONS IN OUR LIFE Name: Class: Teacher: I/C number: CONTENT |No. |Title |Pages | |1 |Objectives | | |2 |Introduction | | |3 |Part 1 | | |4 |Part 2†¦show more content†¦Some other generalizations of polygons are described below. HISTORY OF POLYGONS Polygons have been known since ancient times. The regular polygons were known to the ancient Greeks, and the pentagram, a non-convex regular polygon (star polygon), appears on the vase of Aristophonus, Caere, dated to the 7th century B.C.[citation needed] Non-convex polygons in general were not systematically studied until the 14th century by Thomas Bredwardine.[20] In 1952, Shephard generalized the idea of polygons to the complex plane, where each real dimension is accompanied by an imaginary one, to create complex polygons.[21] [pic] The historical image of polygons 1969 SOME PICTURES OF POLYGONS METHODS OF FINDING AREA OF TRIANGLE Method 1: h b If you know base (b) and height (h) of the triangle, the following formula can be applied. Area =  ½ x b x h Method 2: a c b If you know three sides (a, b and c) of the triangle, Heron’s Method can be applied. s = (a+b+c) / 2 Area =( s (s-a) (s-b) (s-c) Method 3: a ( b If you know twoShow MoreRelatedUsing Math Vocabulary With Intentionality While Incorporating A Comprehensive Vocabulary Program1538 Words   |  7 PagesStudents will use math vocabulary with intentionality while incorporating a comprehensive vocabulary program that will be updated and utilized throughout the year as a main component of my instruction. Throughout the ELL certification program, vocabulary has been consistently emphasized as an invaluable strategy for the teaching and learning of ELL students. Although this has been stressed, it has not become a focus in my instruction; my plan is to develop a structure that will ensure that vocabularyRead MoreDifferent Kinds Of Energy And Which Ramp Will Be Faster1183 Words   |  5 Pagespotential energy, and Mechanical energy. 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The Fascinating Life and Times of Alexander Hamilton

Alexander Hamilton was born in the British West Indies in 1755 or 1757. There is some dispute of his birth year due to early records and Hamiltons own claims. He was born out of wedlock to James A. Hamilton and Rachel Faucett Lavien. His mother died in 1768 leaving him largely an orphan. He worked for Beekman and Cruger as a clerk and was adopted by a local merchant, Thomas Stevens, a man some believe to be his biological father. His intellect prompted leaders on the island to want him to be educated in the American colonies. A fund was collected to send him there to further his education. Education Hamilton was extremely smart. He went to a grammar school in Elizabethtown, New Jersey from 1772-1773. He then enrolled at Kings College, New York (now Columbia University) either late in 1773 or early in 1774. He later practiced law along with being a huge part in the founding of the United States. Personal Life Hamilton married Elizabeth Schuyler on December 14, 1780. Elizabeth was one of the three Schuyler sisters that were influential during the American Revolution. Hamilton and his wife  remained very close despite his having an affair with Maria Reynolds, a married woman. Together they built and lived in the Grange in New York City. Hamilton and Elizabeth had eight children: Philip (killed in a duel in 1801) Angelica, Alexander, James Alexander, John Church, William Stephen, Eliza, and Philip (born soon after the first Philip was killed.) Revolutionary War Activities In 1775, Hamilton joined the local militia to help fight in the Revolutionary War like many students from Kings College. His study of military tactics led him to the rank of lieutenant. His continued efforts and friendship to prominent patriots like John Jay led him to raise a company of men and become their captain. He was soon appointed to George Washingtons staff. He served as Washingtons untitled Chief of Staff for four years. He was a trusted officer and enjoyed a great deal of respect and confidence from Washington. Hamilton made many connections and was instrumental in the war effort. Hamilton and the Federalist Papers Hamilton was a New York delegate to the Constitutional Convention in 1787. After the Constitutional Convention, he worked  with John Jay and James Madison to try and persuade New York to join in ratifying the new constitution. They jointly wrote the Federalist Papers. These consisted of 85 essays of which Hamilton wrote 51. These had a huge impact not only on ratification but also on Constitutional law. First Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton was selected by George Washington to be the first Secretary of the Treasury on September 11, 1789. In this role, he had a huge impact in the formation of the U.S. Government including the following items: Assuming all the states debts from the war thereby increasing federal power.Creating the U.S. MintCreating the first national bankProposing an excise tax on whiskey to raise revenue for the federal governmentFighting for a stronger federal government Hamilton resigned from the Treasury in January, 1795. Life After the Treasury Although Hamilton left the Treasury in 1795, he was not removed from political life. He remained a close friend of Washington and influenced his farewell address. In the election of 1796, he schemed to have Thomas Pinckney elected president over John Adams. However, his intrigue backfired and Adams won the presidency. In 1798 with the endorsement of Washington, Hamilton became a major general in the Army, to help lead in case of hostilities with France. Hamiltons machinations in the Election of 1800 unwittingly led to Thomas Jeffersons election as president and Hamiltons hated rival, Aaron Burr, as vice president. Death After Burrs term as Vice President, he desired the office of governor of New York which Hamilton again worked to oppose. This constant rivalry eventually led to Aaron Burr challenging Hamilton to a duel in 1804. Hamilton accepted and the Burr-Hamilton duel occurred on July 11, 1804, at the Heights of Weehawken in New Jersey. It is believed that Hamilton fired first and probably honored his pre-duel pledge to throw away his shot. However, Burr fired at and shot Hamilton in the abdomen. He died from his wounds a day later. Burr would never again occupy a political office in large part due to the fallout from the duel.

The Umbrella by Yasunari Kawabata Free Essay Example, 1500 words

Sometimes love can be expressed by merely being silent. It is as though lovers speak rather telepathically. Love is so strong, it leaves one imagining things as though they were real even when they are not. The story revolves around the object umbrella. In the first instance, the boy is holding the umbrella, apparently shielding himself from the strokes of the rain. The author, from this instance, paints a picture of two young people, who are strongly attracted towards each other but have no ingenious ways of expressing these mutual feeling of attraction. Thus the umbrella is symbolic of the protection the boy is supposed to over. However, it is ironical since instead of using the umbrella as a symbol of outward protection for the girl in this case it is symbolic of inward protection as the boy uses it to hide his shyness. This is understandable since the teenagers are still afraid of what the society comments in relation to their union. For example, in the opening graph, when the girl comes out of the house and sees the boy with the umbrella, she shouts, "is it raining? † as though she cannot see that it is raining. We will write a custom essay sample on The Umbrella by Yasunari Kawabata or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now The point being given is that she was keen on igniting a conversation, by first getting under the umbrella besides the boy. The boy on the other hand, though evidently attracted to the girl, remains silent and covers himself more with the umbrella, not to cover himself from the downpour but from betraying his shame. This is how kids express their love, through such simple and plain acts of shame and hesitation. When the girl gets under the umbrella, the boy was too ashamed to stick the whole of his body in the umbrella. The boy was afraid of getting too close, and for that, he let himself to be beaten up by the rain. The same feelings run through the girl’s body and mind. She really wants to get close to the boy by getting hold of the handle of the umbrella, but she could not bring herself to that point. Instead she looked as though she was about to run away. It is as though the boy does not really ache for the girl. Nevertheless, far from it, the boy is burning with a strong sensational feeling. However, the feeling is always there and so deep. As the story goes by, so does the author reveal this suppressed magnetic feeling between the boy and the girl. At the photographer, the boy chose not to sit with the girl and take the photograph together. Nevertheless, he stood behind her touching her cloak, and imagining themselves together. He imagined their bodies touching.

Analysis Of The Book The Slave Community - 1127 Words

Darien Wellman Age of Jackson to 1900 Dr. Gershenhorn September 1, 2015 Blassingame, John W. The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South. New York: Oxford University Press, 1972. In the book titled The Slave Community: Plantation Life in the Antebellum South, author John Blassingame’s theme, focused on the history of African slave experience throughout the American South. After much research, the author said in the preface that most historians focused more on the planter instead of the slave. He also pointed out that most of the research on slaves by previous historians was based on stereotypes, and do not tell the real history of slave life and a slave’s inner self. Most of these historians, who focused on antebellum southern history, left out the African-American slave experience on purpose. Through much gathering of research, Blassingame hoped to correct this injustice to the history of African-American slaves, and show how slavery affected slaves, but also American life, culture, and thought. In the first half of the bo ok, Blassingame did a fantastic job of explaining the conditions of African slaves coming to the American south, and being exposed to Western culture for the first time. The exposure to Western culture by Africans was something that was not focused on as much by other historians. One crucial example the author used was that of one African slave known as Olaudah Equiano, who was sent to a plantation in Virginia. Based on his own accounts,Show MoreRelatedReligious Practices Of African Culture Essay1405 Words   |  6 PagesThe driving theme of this book is healing in the context of religious practices, but not only in the way one would assume---the restoration of physical or spiritual health--- it includes more than just that. 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These ignorance and arrogance are actively suppressing the continent’s growth and dividing the nations.Using the data collected from this book will awaken the reader

Lacsap’s Fractions Free Essays

Lacsap’s Fractions IB Math 20 Portfolio By: Lorenzo Ravani Lacsap’s Fractions Lacsap is backward for Pascal. If we use Pascal’s triangle we can identify patterns in Lacsap’s fractions. The goal of this portfolio is to ? nd an equation that describes the pattern presented in Lacsap’s fraction. We will write a custom essay sample on Lacsap’s Fractions or any similar topic only for you Order Now This equation must determine the numerator and the denominator for every row possible. Numerator Elements of the Pascal’s triangle form multiple horizontal rows (n) and diagonal rows (r). The elements of the ? rst diagonal row (r = 1) are a linear function of the row number n. For every other row, each element is a parabolic function of n. Where r represents the element number and n represents the row number. The row numbers that represents the same sets of numbers as the numerators in Lacsap’s triangle, are the second row (r = 2) and the seventh row (r = 7). These rows are respectively the third element in the triangle, and equal to each other because the triangle is symmetrical. In this portfolio we will formulate an equation for only these two rows to ? nd Lacsap’s pattern. The equation for the numerator of the second and seventh row can be represented by the equation: (1/2)n * (n+1) = Nn (r) When n represents the row number. And Nn(r) represents the numerator Therefore the numerator of the sixth row is Nn(r) = (1/2)n * (n+1) Nn(r) = (1/2)6 * (6+1) Nn(r) = (3) * (7) Nn(r) = 21 Figure 2: Lacsap’s fractions. The numbers that are underlined are the numerators. Which are the same as the elements in the second and seventh row of Pascal’s triangle. Figure 1: Pascal’s triangle. The circled sets of numbers are the same as the numerators in Lacsap’s fractions. Graphical Representation The plot of the pattern represents the relationship between numerator and row number. The graph goes up to the ninth row. The rows are represented on the x-axis, and the numerator on the y-axis. The plot forms a parabolic curve, representing an exponential increase of the numerator compared to the row number. Let Nn be the numerator of the interior fraction of the nth row. The graph takes the shape of a parabola. The graph is parabolical and the equation is in the form: Nn = an2 + bn + c The parabola passes through the points (0,0) (1,1) and (5,15) At (0,0): 0 = 0 + 0 + c ! ! At (1,1): 1 = a + b ! ! ! At (5,15): 15 = 25a + 5b ! ! ! 15 = 25a + 5(1 – a) ! 15 = 25a + 5 – 5a ! 15 = 20a + 5 ! 10 = 20a! ! ! ! ! ! ! therefore c = 0 therefore b = 1 – a Check with other row numbers At (2,3): 3 = (1/2)n * (n+1) ! (1/2)(2) * (2+1) ! (1) * (3) ! N3 = (3) therefore a = (1/2) Hence b = (1/2) as well The equation for this graph therefore is Nn = (1/2)n2 + (1/2)n ! which simpli? es into ! Nn = (1/2)n * (n+1) Denominator The difference between the numerator and the denominator of the same fraction w ill be the difference between the denominator of the current fraction and the previous fraction. Ex. If you take (6/4) the difference is 2. Therefore the difference between the previous denominator of (3/2) and (6/4) is 2. ! Figure 3: Lacsap’s fractions showing differences between denominators Therefore the general statement for ? nding the denominator of the (r+1)th element in the nth row is: Dn (r) = (1/2)n * (n+1) – r ( n – r ) Where n represents the row number, r represents the the element number and Dn (r) represents the denominator. Let us use the formula we have obtained to ?nd the interior fractions in the 6th row. Finding the 6th row – First denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – Second denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! denominator = 6 ( 6/2 + 1/2 ) – 1 ( 6 – 1 ) ! = 6 ( 3. 5 ) – 1 ( 5 ) ! 21 – 5 = 16 denominator = 6 ( 6/2 + 1/2 ) – 2 ( 6 – 2 ) ! = 6 ( 3. 5 ) – 2 ( 4 ) ! = 21 – 8 = 13 ! ! -Third denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – Fourth denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – Fifth denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! denominator = 6 ( 6/2 + 1/2 ) – 3 ( 6 – 3 ) ! = 6 ( 3. 5 ) – 3 ( 3 ) ! = 21 – 9 = 12 denominator = 6 ( 6/2 + 1/2 ) – 2 ( 6 – 2 ) ! = 6 ( 3. 5 ) – 2 ( 4 ) ! = 21 – 8 = 13 denominator = 6 ( 6/2 + 1/2 ) – 1 ( 6 – 1 ) ! = 6 ( 3. 5 ) – 1 ( 5 ) ! = 21 – 5 = 16 ! ! We already know from the previous investigation that the numerator is 21 for all interior fractions of the sixth row. Using these patterns, the elements of the 6th row are 1! (21/16)! (21/13)! (21/12)! (21/13)! (21/16)! 1 Finding the 7th row – First denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – Second denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – Third denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – Fourth denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! denominator = 7 ( 7/2 + 1/2 ) – 1 ( 7 – 1 ) ! =7(4)–1(6) ! = 28 – 6 = 22 denominator = 7 ( 7/2 + 1/2 ) – 2 ( 7 – 2 ) ! =7(4)–2(5) ! = 28 – 10 = 18 denominator = 7 ( 7/2 + 1/2 ) – 3 ( 7 – 3 ) ! =7(4)–3(4) ! = 28 – 12 = 16 denominator = 7 ( 7/2 + 1/2 ) – 4 ( 7 – 3 ) ! =7(4)–3(4) ! = 28 – 12 = 16 ! ! ! ! ! ! Fifth denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – Sixth denominator ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! denominator = 7 ( 7/2 + 1/2 ) – 2 ( 7 – 2 ) ! ! =7(4)–2(5) ! ! = 28 – 10 = 18 ! ! denominator = 7 ( 7/2 + 1/2 ) – 1 ( 7 – 1 ) ! =7(4)–1(6) ! = 28 – 6 = 22 We already know from the previous investigation that the numerator is 28 for all interior fractions of the seventh row. Using these patterns, the elements of the 7th row are 1 (28/22) (28/18) (28/16) (28/16) (28/18) (28/22) 1 General Statement To ? nd a general statement we combined the two equations needed to ? nd the numerator and to ? nd the denominator. Which are (1/2)n * (n+1) to ? d the numerator and (1/2)n * (n+1) – n( r – n) to ? nd the denominator. By letting En(r) be the ( r + 1 )th element in the nth row, the general statement is: En(r) = {[ (1/2)n * (n+1) ] / [ (1/2)n * (n+1) – r( n – r) ]} Where n represents the row number and r represents the the element number. Limitations The ‘1’ at the beginning and end of each row is taken out before making calculations. Therefore the second element in each equation is now regarded as the ? rst element. Secondly, the r in the general statement should be greater than 0. Thirdly the very ? rst row of the given pattern is counted as the 1st row. Lacsap’s triangle is symmetrical like Pascal’s, therefore the elements on the left side of the line of symmetry are the same as the elements on the right side of the line of symmetry, as shown in Figure 4. Fourthly, we only formulated equations based on the second and the seventh rows in Pascal’s triangle. These rows are the only ones that have the same pattern as Lacsap’s fractions. Every other row creates either a linear equation or a different parabolic equation which doesn’t match Lacsap’s pattern. Lastly, all fractions should be kept when reduced; provided that no fractions common to the numerator and the denominator are to be cancelled. ex. 6/4 cannot be reduced to 3/2 ) Figure 4: The triangle has the same fractions on both sides. The only fractions that occur only once are the ones crossed by this line of symmetry. 1 Validity With this statement you can ? nd any fraction is Lacsap’s pattern and to prove this I will use this equa tion to ? nd the elements of the 9th row. The subscript represents the 9th row, and the number in parentheses represents the element number. – E9(1)!! ! – First element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – E9(2)!! ! – Second element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – E9(3)!! ! – Third element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! {[ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 1( 9 – 1) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 1( 8 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 8 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 37 ]} 45/37 {[ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 2( 9 – 2) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 2 ( 7 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 14 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 31 ]} 45/31 {[ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 3 ( 9 – 3) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 3( 6 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 18 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 27 ]} 45/27 E9(4)!! ! – Fourth element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – E9(4)!! ! – Fifth element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – E9(3)!! ! – Sixth element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – E9(2)!! ! – Seventh element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! – E9(1)!! ! – Eighth element! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 4( 9 – 4) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 4( 5 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 20 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 25 ]} 45/25 {[ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 4( 9 – 4) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 4( 5 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 20 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 25 ]} 45/25 {[ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 3 ( 9 – 3) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 3( 6 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 18 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 27 ]} 45/27 {[ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 2( 9 – 2) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 2 ( 7 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 14 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 31 ]} 45/31 {[ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ n( n/2 + 1/2 ) – r( n – r) ]} {[ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) ] / [ 9( 9/2 + 1/2 ) – 1( 9 – 1) ]} {[ 9( 5 ) ] / [ 9( 5 ) – 1( 8 ) ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 45 – 8 ]} {[ 45 ] / [ 37 ]} 45/37 From these calculations, derived from the general statement the 9th row is 1 (45/37)! ! (45/31)! ! (45/27)! (45/25)! (45/25)! (45/27) (45/31)! (45/37)! ! 1 Using the general statement we have obtained from Pascal’s triangle, and following the limitations stated, we will be able to produce the elements of any given row in Lacsap’s pattern. This equatio n determines the numerator and the denominator for every row possible. How to cite Lacsap’s Fractions, Essay examples

A Separate Peace Three Symbols Essay Research free essay sample

A Separate Peace: Three Symbols Essay, Research Paper A Separate Peace: Three Symbols The three dichotomous symbols in A Separate Peace by John Knowles reenforce the artlessness and immorality of the chief characters, Finny and Gene. Beside the Devon School flow two rivers on opposite sides of the school, the Naguamsett and the Devon. The Devon provides amusement and felicity for Gene and Finny as they jump from the tree into the river and keep inductions into the Super Suicide Society of the Summer Session. Finny, Gene, and their friends use the Devon # 8217 ; s warm H2O to play in during the unworried summer session. The Devon brings out Finny # 8217 ; s carefree character and personality when he jumps from the limbs of the tree. Not one Upper Middler in Devon has of all time jumped from the tree ; Finny becomes the first. After come uping, Finny says that leaping from the tree causes the most merriment he has had in hebdomads. We will write a custom essay sample on A Separate Peace Three Symbols Essay Research or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, the Naguamsett and the Devon wholly contrast. When Gene and Finny emerge from the Devon, they experience clean and refreshed. However, Gene describes the Naguamsett as # 8220 ; ugly, saline, fringed with fen, clay and seaweed # 8221 ; ( 68 ) . When Gene starts a battle with Quackenbush and falls into the Naguamsett because Quackenbush calls Gene # 8220 ; a maimed son-of-a-bitch, # 8221 ; Gene surfaces from the Naguamsett feeling grimy, dirty and in despairing demand of a bath ( 71 ) . Much like the clean, reviewing H2O of the Devon and the ugly saline H2O of the Naguamsett, Gene # 8217 ; s unworried attitude of the summer session immensely differs from the angry, baffled attitude of the winter session. Similarly, the two Sessionss, the summer and winter, give a different sense of experiencing toward school and life at Devon School. The summer session allows Finny to utilize his creativeness. Finny invents blitzball and founds the Super Suicide Society of the Summer Session. The pupils let their carefree attitudes flow during the summer. Finny and Gene volitionally break the regulations to hold merriment during the summer by jumping category and traveling to the beach. Finny besides wears the school tie as a belt to the traditional term tea. Gene feels that Finny can non go forth the room without being disciplined, but Finny manages to speak his manner out of the muss. However, the winter session causes a sense of stringency. The discourses now exhort the idea of # 8220 ; what we owe Devon, # 8221 ; but in the summer the pupils think of # 8220 ; what Devon owes us # 8221 ; ( 65 ) . The Masterss and category leaders try to implement continuity, but Gene realizes that raising the summer session becomes impossible. Finny is non in school, no longer shall the pupils have their unworried attitudes, and the category functionaries and Masterss now implement the regulations at Devon. Gene becomes like the winter session by salvaging a cold blast for the enemy. The winter lives to destruct the heat of the summer and does so by unleashing an unpredictable cold snowstorm. Likewise, Gene destroys Finny by let go ofing an uncontrolled jouncing of the tree limb. However, the peaceable clip and the war clip clearly display the artlessness of Finny and the immorality of Gene. During the peaceable clip, non one pupil thinks about a war. Gene and Finny play blitzball and leap from the tree, doing them both happy. Finny volitionally breaks the regulations at Devon. Like the summer session, the regulations do non be, and the pupil # 8217 ; s heads run rampantly with sloppiness. Finny # 8217 ; s imaginativeness and creativeness explode during the peaceable clip with innovations like blitzball and the initiation of the Super Suicide Society of the Summer Session. However, the war, like the winter session, brings about confusion and ill will. Students like Leper and Quackenbush get down believing about inscribing in the ground forces. Even Gene considers enlisting until he realizes that Finny needs him. Finny can non manage the alterations during the winter session. When Gene explains to Finny that a war is happening, Finny admirations, # 8220 ; Is there? # 8221 ; ( 96 ) . Finny garbages to believe in the war when Gene explains that the war comes before athleticss. Finny comes to the decision that old fat work forces in Washingtion, D.C. # 8220 ; do up # 8221 ; the war to flim-flam the people, and merely the fat work forces understand the fast one. The two rivers, the two Sessionss, and the two scenes, reinforce and clearly expose the artlessness of Finny and the immorality of Gene. 344

Issues and Ideas of Polygamy by Aisha B. Lemu free essay sample

Issues and ideas of Polygamy by Aisha B. Lemu In the essay of Defense of Polygamy by the british, feminist, activist and writer Aisha B. Lemu, explains why polygamy could be a great solution for many women without partners or for many women with partners but with difficulties in their relations. She explain why because of the large numbers of men dying in war, and others violent confrontation groups, a huge group of widows, fiances, and women in general, have left alone without any protection for themselves or their children. The quantities in general of men in these days are low and have left a large group of women alone with no or difficult chances to get married or have a partner. ?Therefore, she states that most of women rather believe in sharing a man that not having any at all. And even more if the political laws of the country establish an obligation toward the second, third or fourth wife and their respective children, making a responsible way of supporting the rights of the woman. We will write a custom essay sample on Issues and Ideas of Polygamy by Aisha B. Lemu or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page For me this first demonstration makes a logical reason, but not the answer for a truly right solution. I dont think polygamy is the true unique solution for the uniformity of our era. I think the true problem here is the violence and misunderstanding that we had made with each other and that has lead us to unnecessary wars and undesirable misbalance of the masses of the gender. Not attacking the real problem but rather settling ourselves to the problem, content to leave the wrong things we have done as they are and conforming to live with it. It’s like the problem of deforestation; we know that the problem is there but we dont resolve it, we prefer to put on oxygen masks in the future than to attack the real problem now. So then I believe that her reason of polygamy because of the war issue is not a true solution but a momentary accordance to survival, not attacking or giving a real answer (which is to me the increase of violence of everyday that has made us left with a sex misbalance). But it doesnt end there, a big question is about to expose, at it is What will happen then in the future or into a few more years where the disorder of sexes will may be so dramatic that for every man twelve women will be shared? Then what? Polygamy will maybe not be a truth solution and then maybe we will have to attack the true problems of violence and deaths of men. Another point that the author exposed is the circumstances where the wives are sick and the husbands cant manage it or where wives are unable to have children while the husband very much wants them. This argument represents a more logical thought, although not entirely correct in my opinion and own personal believes. I just cant still understand why it is necessary to go get another partner just for the benefit of a baby, when you could solve it renting a belly without resorting to commitments with other woman. But even if it happens or not, I think that the choices of a couple are personal choices and if the wife agrees then is her own personal choice. ? The other point that exposes is the cases where a marriage has not been very successful and the husband loves another woman. The author also express some things about when a husband need to divorce from the first wife to be with the second wife, but the first wife doesnt want to be divorce for the secure of the marriage, for herself and their children. Before starting to explain anything else I do think is quite understandable the worry that a wife could have for the economical and physical securities that a man provides (especially on these countries were most of the woman depends economically in the husband), but for the secure of the marriage? What secure? Now, the author needs to explain this in more details, because if the concept of secure marriage is to cover up from the society the very truth status of a relationship because of the judgments that this could bring, then I have very poor understanding the meaning of the term marriage, it seems that this definition doesn’t involucrate then a covenant of love with a partner but a commitment with cultural society. Whatever of all the case is, we must keep in mind that it is obvious that we will some how disapprove these ideals and thoughts, at least, obvious, if you are part of that kind of cultures and believes. Each culture is different and the analysis that we give others incorporating it into our own is simply wrong and insignificant. We just cant measure the same cultures with the same tool; every culture it’s unique. And the differences that demonstrate each one of them with the others doesnt gave us the right to classify them as less or more. Having said that, it was obvious that my answers were not going to be that much of acceptable. References Aisha B. Lemu, In Defense of Polygamy 2007; http://moodle. oss. cayey. upr. edu/dev/mod/resource/view. php? inpopup=trueamp;id=4434 (all ideas and references were taking of this)

Native American Women of Medicine Sample Essay PDF by Susan Picotte

Native American Women of Medicine Sample Essay PDF by Susan PicotteNative American women of Medicine Sample Essay PDF by Susan Picotte is an amazing e-book that will take you through the challenges of womanhood. This e-book was created to help readers of all walks of life to appreciate their feminine side and appreciate their own unique personality traits as well.For example, once you read Susan Picotte's Native American Women of Medicine Sample Essay PDF you will understand that the female body in America was not designed to function in just one way, but to function in a variety of ways. Women have been known to find relief for everything from muscle pain to headaches with the help of a hot stone.The womanly nature of this e-book is not something that only comes from Susan Picotte. It is something that comes from a woman herself, so you can be sure that it has something to do with your own life, although most women don't realize it.You can feel confident that this e-book from Susan Picotte has something to do with you too. If you are at a loss of what that is, think about the natural ingredients found in this e-book. Take a look at the statement made by their creator, Dr. Sally Gail Halpert.'These Native American women of Medicine Sample Essay PDF are a testament to how much they can give the world. If we can discover the natural remedies for women of a certain time and place, then there is no limit to the kindness we can show others.'Native American Women of Medicine Sample Essay PDF is an amazing resource for anyone who wants to know more about their own body. This e-book is a free download from their website, so there is no reason to waste your money on anything else.So, if you are looking for some help understanding how to understand yourself better, and why you are the way you are, this is a great resource. Start right now and let Susan Picotte show you how she found her roots and why it is important to think about the rest of us.

Why Do Students Cheat free essay sample

The competitive high school environment has constant pressure to succeed; therefore, thus, many students depend on cheating in order to receive the grades that he or she desires. Because cheating has become an ordinary resolution for many students, more and more students do so every day, mimicking the acuon of their peers. nfortunately, the eighty-five percent of students who cheat ould prefer a higher score than the chance to grow as a learner. All of the cheating boils down to one simple concept: college acceptances. To begin, students cheat in order to get accepted to the college of their choice. As Kolker explains, students believe that, College, more than ever, determines success. As a high school student In 2013, one will constantly hear other students saying, l need to get Into a top college, my whole future depends on it! and Oh man, I didnt do well on that test, now I am not going to get into college. We will write a custom essay sample on Why Do Students Cheat? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this day and age, teenagers have a mind- et that they only attend high school in order to be accepted Into a prestigious college, rather than learning and developing as a student. These students only think about what they must do in order for top colleges to choose them; thus, if cheating is the answer, they will cheat to receive the better grade. Andermans research discovered that, The most impulsive cheaters cheated less often when they believed the point of the test was to help them master the material, not Just get a score. This concept is seen in an AP Calculus class of high school juniors and seniors. The eacher has a policy that quizzes are not factored into the students grade; however, tests are a very Important factor for the students grade. The quizzes are designed to help the students learn, while the tests are designed to test the students abilities by receiving a score. In this situation, when there Is an upcoming quiz, many students are very lackadaisical and rarely study for the assessment. Conversely, on a test day, the calculus students run around frantically trying to receive questions and answers from students who have already taken the same test, a prime example of cheating Thus, this proves that students cheat in order to receive a high grade, as they dont cheat for a quiz that does not determine their final grade. The next criminal in this cheating era is the SAT. Eshagoff, a student who participated in the Long Island SAT scandal. stated, By giving him an amazing score, I totally give him a new lease on life, proving that students view the SAT as determining their future. Evidentially, something In this system Is corrupt when one test Is what determines whether or not a boy receives a new lease on life. It is this Idea that causes drastic cheating rings. Students believe that their entire life is predestined to failure if they do not succeed on major tests; therefore, they resort to cheating. This OF2 relates to Andermans tneory tnat, T everytnlng Is always nlgn-staKes, youre going to create an environment conducive to cheating. It is very tempting for a student with awful grades to cheat because he or she knows that he or she has an opportunity to receive an exemplary score on the SAT. This student would consider the fact that without cheating, he or she would most likely go to a below average college which ome students view as unacceptable in this college dominating culture, where everyone links the rest of their life to the college they attend. This is why the vast cheating rings occur, such as the Long Island SAT scandal: to enhance ones chances of going toa better college. Unfortunately, cheating will continue as long as it is the social norm. Dan Airley, a Duke social scientist, explains that students are more likely to cheat if everyone else is cheating as well. He explains, There is right and wrong, and there is what people around us tell us is right and wrong. The people around us re often more powerful. If many students are clearly cheating while taking a test, the chances that other students will cheat too increase greatly. This is demonstrated through the Carnegie Mellon experiment, where actors were hired to portray cheating students to see how the actual students would respond. The variable was that in one room, the actor was wearing University of Pittsburgh apparel. However, in the other room, the actor was wearing Carnegie Mellon apparel. The study resulted in more students cheating in the room with the University of Pittsburgh actor than in he room with the Carnegie Mellon actor. This is due to Airleys idea that, The people around us are often more powerful. The Carnegie Mellon students are apart of a community with the Carnegie Mellon student who cheated; consequently, they viewed it as acceptable to cheat because their fellow classmate was cheating. Yet, the University of Pittsburgh student is an outsider and as a result, the other students do not associate themselves with him; thus, fewer students follow his academic dishonest actions. Airley used an excellent analogy to relate this scenario wi th speeding on the road. He states, Theres a speed limit, but you see people around you driving at a certain speed, and you get used to it pretty quickly. As Airley explains, it is significantly easier to do something that is obviously immoral when everyone else is participating too. The pressure to succeed in high school in order to attend a prestigious university produces an environment where cheating is somewhat acceptable, enough that eighty-five percent of students have admitted to cheating before. This is a never-ending chain, as cheating becomes tolerable to students once everyone else is participating in this unjust act. The preconceived notion that all that matters in a teenagers life is the colleges they are accepted to has developed a culture in which being academically dishonest has become the standard. Whether it is creating a texting group to distribute test questions and answers, asking friends for help on a test that they already took, or having someone else take the SAT for you, cheating has become an everyday part of high school life. In American culture, a college acceptance letter is far more important to a student than his or her dignity and honesty, something that must change within our society.

sociological imagination essays

sociological imagination essays The "Sociological Imagination" was introduced by C. Wright Mills in 1959. Sociological imagination refers to the relationship between individual troubles and the large social forces that are the driving forces behind them. The intent of the sociological imagination is to see the bigger picture within which individuals live their lives; to recognize personal troubles and public issues as two aspects of a single process. Sociological imagination helps the individual to understand the society in which they live in by moving the individual away from reality and looking beyond the picture it self. By doing so it helps to show the strong link between an individual's personal life and the society in which they live. The sociological imagination requires us to engage in the study of an individuals biography; but to place that biography in the larger context of the history and tradition of the society in which that individual lives. By acknowledging the relation between history and biography we can see how personal troubles and social problems are connected. Many times people fail to see their own biographies as being correlated to the larger public of society. Mills wrote that we find troubles within the character of the individual and within the range of his immediate relations with others. The intermediate is the individuals social environment. Public issues, or social problems, exist in the impersonal structures, institutions, and processes of society. Mills suggests that with the sociological imagination we can see how troubles and issues are related, how troubles experienced privately can be connected to public issues located in the structure of society. Mills argued that in order to avoid becoming victims of a large, seemingly distant event; we must learn to understand the relationship between private troubles and social issues. For example if a small group of people in a society were unemployed, then o...

It's All in the Milieu Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

It's All in the Milieu - Essay Example In most of these cases major changes are made to the text to render it into film in the first place, and then when a second film adaptation is made. The Lord of the Rings, for instance, left entire sequences of the film out, such as the adventure to Tom Bombadil, drastically changed the age of the characters (reducing Frodo’s age from 50 to 30), changed their motivations (having Faromir fall the same way Boromir did) and so on (Tolkein 1955). These changes are made for a number of reasons, including needing to cut down from a novel to a film, to create suspense, or so on. Rarely, however, a book can so readily be made into a film, that these changes are unneccsary. Such was the case with Psycho, its Alfred Hitchcock adaption, and the remake of that film Psycho (1968). While most elements of these three works were nearly identical they are perceived very differently: Alfred Hitchock’s Psycho is hailed as a masterpiece, while the 1998 remake has been widely panned. This d emonstrates that each story must exist in its time and its place, and something removed from its milieu will be entire unsuccessful. The plot of all three works is largely identical. In each case, a woman, Marion, steals a large sum of money, finds herself at a lonely hotel, and is then murdered by a mysterious character – ostensibly the proprietors mother (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998). When the woman’s family gets worried, they go looking for her, hiring a detective to discover what happened to her. This detective gets murdered by the same figure (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998), with the hotel proprietor still covering up his mother’s actions. The family then investigates for themselves, eventually finds the mother is in fact the son’s delusion, as his mother died in a murder-suicide years before, and that the proprietor, Bates, has been living in a codependent relationship with his dead mother ever since (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998). This novel did not have to be adapted significantly for the screen: the only major changes made were the methods of killing, with the decapitation of the novel usually being replaced by a stabbing off screen in the film versions, which presumably would add to the horror but reduce the gore, which can be much more impactful on screen, and would detract from the psychological nature of the story (Bloch 1959, Hitchcock 1960, Van Sant 1998). That the novel is close to the film versions is not surprising – close remakes can often be accomplished in the case of short novels and excellent film-makers, such as with Jurassic Park, (or, indeed, many other Michael Crichton novels). What is surprising, however, is that the two films were so similar – the 1998 film was virtually a shot-for-shot remake of the 1960 film. They both used the same screenplay by Joseph Stefano (IMDB 2012a), and thus were identical in terms of words, but Van Sant also mirrored almost every camera motion that Hitchcock made. The only differences came in a small number of shots: the opening shot of the Hitchcock film, for instance, was a long zoom that had many fades separating individual zoom sequences, while the Van Sant film was a single long zoom: this was changed because Hitchcock’s original desire was to have a single long shot, but this was not possible based on technology of the time, while in 1998 it had become possible

Retail Management and Merchandising Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Retail Management and Merchandising - Term Paper Example It is evidently clear from the discussion that the growth of online retailing is observed everywhere in the world, the global eCommerce environment is highly diverse as different countries and regions are at various stages of online retail maturity. In the developed countries, the online retail sales account for 5% to 15% of the total retail business. In South Korea, this share is almost as high as 13%. On the other hand, the share of eCommerce in the retail sector in the developing countries is much lower than the developed countries due to low penetration of internet and huge contrast in the income between the high-income classes and the middle and low incomes classes. Though there is a significant difference in the online retailing between the developed and the developing countries, the gap is predicted to be shortened due to huge growth potential observed in the emerging economies. For example, though the U.S. has been projected to lead the world in retail business the till 2017, China will occupy the second place. In the 1970s, the retail distribution system was very much different from where it stands in the recent times. In those days, only the suppliers and the shops existed in the retail market. This indicates that the suppliers directly supply its products to sell in the shops. Later in the 1980s, centralization was introduced in the retail system. A retail distribution center was established in order to facilitate interaction between the producers and the shops. In the 1990s, most of the economies were economically liberalized and international trade was introduced. Goods were imported from another country which first arrived at the retail import center and then reaches the central distribution center and finally gets distributed among the shops. At the beginning of the twenty-first century, eCommerce entered the retail industry and as a result involved the parcel network in the sector.

The Business Strategies Of Tesco And Asda Marketing Essay

The Business Strategies Of Tesco And Asda Marketing Essay Porters Five Forces: Named after Michael E. Porter this model identifies and analyses five competitive forces that helps in determination of an organisations strengths and weaknesses. These forces include According to classical economics rivalries between companies must drive profits to zero because of the threat of substitutes. General substitution is able to reduce demand for a particular product, as there is a threat of consumers switching to the alternatives (Porter M. 1980). For example, if Tescos competitor ASDA provides substitutes for their goods then this will drive the price of groceries down for customers of both companies. Buyer power forces prices down. Fortunately the market is disciplined and they have a disciplined approach to price setting which prevents them from destroying each other in a profit war. Bargaining power of supplier may have implications for Tesco and ASDA. Supplier power is demonstrated by suppliers demand that they are paid a certain price for their goods. If retailers dont agree they dont get the goods to sell. But large supermarkets like Tesco and ASDA have an overwhelming advantage over the small shopkeeper. These supermarkets can dictate the price they pay the supplier. If the supplier does not agree they will be left with a much smaller market for their products. The new competitor factor of porter model also does not have much adverse implications on already established supermarket chains like Tesco and ASDA In fact they put up a lot of barriers to entry either implicitly or explicitly. For instance, Tesco may have cornered the market for some specific goods which the new supermarket will not be able to find cheap, reliable suppliers. Tesco and ASDA also has the advantage of economies of scale. They buy goods in bulk or in large volumes thereby considerably lowering the price they pay to suppliers per-item. A new small supermarket chain not well established can only buy a relatively small volume of goods and that will be at much higher rates. Porter theorized that the more products that become standardized or undifferentiated, the lower the switching cost, and hence, more power is yielded to buyers (Porter M. 1980). Tescos Clubcard remains the most successful tool in customer retention strategy and is highly effective in dealing with this problem of bargaining power of customers. PEST ANALYSIS FOR TESCO Political Factors Tesco with its massive operations on global scale is highly influenced by the political and legal conditions of host countries. For employment legislations, the government encourages retailers to provide a mix of job opportunities from flexible, lower-paid and locally-based jobs to highly-skilled, higher-paid and centrally-located jobs (Balchin, 1994). Economic Factors These factors mostly affect demands, cost, and profits and thus have implications for Tesco. They are largely beyond the control of Tesco, but their effects can be profound. Tesco is expected to do well internationally but is highly dependent on UK markets and any slowdown may have adverse affect on Tescos performance. Social Factors Changing shopping trends indicate shift towards one-stop and bulk buying to accommodate this Tesco has increased the number of non-food items available. Changes in population demographic and eating habits means retailers are focusing on products with added-value. Technological Factors The launch of the Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) initiative provided the shift that is now apparent in the management of food supply chains (Datamonitor Report, 2003). Tesco has fully integrated new technologies like intelligent scale, electronic labelling, self check-out machine with its operations. The use of Electronic Point of Sale (EPoS), Electronic Funds Transfer Systems (EFTPoS) and electronic scanners have greatly improved the efficiency of distribution and stocking activities, with needs being communicated almost in real time to the supplier (Finch, 2004). SWOT ANALYSIS FOR TESCO Strengths 1. Increased market share: Tesco already holds major share in the world market and because of strong fundamentals and multi-format will continue to do so. Their main strategy of attracting more customers through various methods like Tesco Clubcard has been very affective in winning customers long term loyalty. 2. Insurance: In fiscal 2003 Tesco Personal Finance became the fastest growing motor insurance provider by crossing the important mark of one million motor insurance policies. 3. Tesco online is the worlds biggest online supermarket with operations in more than 270 stores throughout the country. 4. Brand value: Tesco has a strong brand image, associated with its good quality, trustworthy goods representing excellent value. 5. Tesco has continued to develop a successful strategy to maintain its market leadership position. Weaknesses 1. Tescos high dependence on the UK market may be of concern in future for example, the Morrisons groups takeover of Safeway chain may alter the power balance. 2. Debt reduction: Tesco has aggressive expansion plan which leaves little free cash for any other operations. Opportunities 1. Expansion in non-food retail: Tescos telecom is the latest example of how it can expand in non-food retail industry. 2. Expansion into health and beauty; Tesco currently operates 19 stores with opticians and nearly 200 stores with pharmacies. 3. Tescos massive buying power gives it added advantage of economies of scale. 4. Tesco can further develop its revenue stream of online operation. Threats 1. Lower profit margins because of rising raw material costs for food and non food. 2. Structural changes in domestic markets may trigger price war. 3. Wal-Mart/ASDA challenge: Wal-Marts takeover of ASDA threatened Tescos rank as the top UK supermarket. 4. International expansion is good but is expensive and requires heavy investment. PEST ANALYSIS FOR ASDA Political Factors Like any other supermarket ASDA will also be affected by political factors whether they are new legislation regarding taxes or new employment laws. Thus EU enlargement, the euro etc all may have some implications for ASDA. Economic Factors Factors such as national income, recession, inflation may have some adverse affect on the performance of ASDA. Unemployment is the most influential factor on the economy. It lowers the demand for many goods thereby affecting the demand required for production of such goods. Social Factors The type of goods demanded by consumers reflects their social conditioning. One important factor applicable especially in the UK is increasing ageing population which has increased the costs for firms who are committed to pension payments for their employees because of their staff are living longer. ASDA has started to recruit older employees to tap into this growing labour pool. Technological Factors Technology is a major environmental variable which can help in development of many various beneficial processes and methods for cost reduction like improved efficiency in stock control due to bar coding, self scanning products etc. SWOT FOR ASDA Strengths 1. ASDA after its takeover by world giant Wal-Mart has increased its market share considerably and at present is just behind Tesco in UK markets. 2. Major employer in UK markets thus it has a major pool of talented and experienced work force. It has a focused strategy in place for human resource management and development. 3. Well established brand name with strong social image. 4. ASDAs strategies of smart price, price guarantee offer and ASDA direct have really changed the way customers look at them. Weaknesses 1. In comparisons to its competitors ASDA has low market penetration. 2. Lack of smaller superstores to compete with Tesco express, metro etc. 3. Product recalls which not only affects the business financially but also adversely affects the brand name. OPPORTUNITIES 1. ASDA can widen its product range especially non-food retail. 2. Expansion into European markets. With well established management strategies and strong parent firm like Wal-Mart this is the area where it should focus. THREATS 1. Major threat to ASDA is from its competitors especially Tesco mainly being the threat of substitute products available through the competitor stores at lower prices. 2. ASDAs major market is still in UK, so any slowdown or downturn in UK economy may affect ASDA very badly. 3. Consumer tastes and shopping trends are continuously changing. It is important for ASDA to continuously accommodate those changes if they want to keep their competitive edge. 4. Rising labour cost can also cut into ASDAs profits. SCENARIO PLANNING AND GAME THEORY Every organisation in order to develop strategic options and be future prepared needs to anticipate and think through how different options will impact them. Most organisations therefore use scenario planning and game theory to be future prepared. Tesco and ASDA Scenario 1: My way The conditions: Customers have do it yourself attitude. The society and economy is dynamic with consumers requiring more product information therefore the companies would have to continuously invent new methods to maintain their competitive edge. Products and services have undergone major changes with advanced technology like smart packaging that refrigerates individual packaging, fuelled by cells that automatically turn off on the use-by date. (The grocer, 2007). Consumers no longer trust big brands and do business through network of friends causing major change in retail structure with power balance shifting to individuals with high level of consumer trust. Large supermarkets chains like Tesco and ASDA will have to become logistics expert at local level. Scenario two: Sell it to me Customers have do it for me attitude In this scenario there is high customer confidence, good economy and customers trusting big brands and expecting organisations to solve problems for them. Large supermarkets like ASDA and Tesco do not undergo major changes and still dominate. The only major change that comes is the more personalised touch they give to their businesses like customised products based on the customers nutritional or personal requirements. Scenario three: from me to you. Here we have uncertain economy, less prosperity, environmental disasters, climate change. Consumers have do it yourself attitude as they dont trust the government and large organisations. Brand loyalty is almost nonexistent and customers prefer home grown cheaper solutions. Retail structure is badly affected with high street struggling. Scenario four: Im in your hands The economy is shaky, slow growth, debt crisis, with do it for me attitude of customer. Only trusted brands have survived. Development of new technologies is at much slower pace. It is the most favourable situation for Tesco and ASDA with smaller units struggling to survive with them dominating high streets. They enjoy strong customer trust with compulsory loyalty card schemes. (The grocer, 2007). PORTERS DIAMOND We now with the help of Porters diamond try to identify which of Tesco or ASDA is more competitive. Factors Conditions Tesco gained competitive advantage over ASDA through advanced factors mainly by successful technological integration into their business. Tesco has been successful in using these factors to make themselves more attractive to the customers. It was the first to diversify into various other nonretail sectors like mobile phones, insurance, digital entertainment. ASDA although has embraced these changes but by being first Tesco has gained an upper hand over ASDA. Demand Conditions Tesco was the first one to start own-label products. These are highly appreciated and in demand among the main middle class target group of these supermarkets because of low prices and good quality. Unlike ASDA Tesco stores are differentiated into various formats on basis of sizes and location like Tesco extra, Tesco metro, Tesco express making them easily accessible to everyone locally. Related And Supporting Industries Tesco gained advantage in this third attribute by mainly developing new products and selling it to existing customers. Strategy, Structure And Rivalry Tescos cost leadership strategy has given it a competitive edge over ASDA. Tesco is still continuing with its initial approach of pile it high, sell it cheap. Tesco stores in UK are divided into 6 classes depending upon their size, structure and range of products they sold. These size based structure helps it to serve their main target middle class group more effectively than ASDA. VISION MISSION AND GOALS Tesco Mission statement: Creating value for customers, to earn their lifetime loyalty.(Tesco PLC, our values, 2010). Tescos people centred value, our success depends on people both people who shop with us and people who work with us, explains how they would go an extra mile to win the loyalty of their customers and employees. Their Clubcard initiative has been their most successful customer retention strategy by gaining customers loyalty. ASDA Mission statement: To be Britains best value retailer exceeding customers needs.. always Statement of purpose: To save everyone money, everyday. (ASDA, all about us,2008) Thus according to the mission statement they want to become best retailer with priority on the customer satisfaction. ASDA has been working relentlessly towards this aim laying down various strategies to become market leader. One of these strategies as discussed in SWOT analysis is of price guarantee where the customers can easily do an online comparison with other supermarkets and if they are not cheapest then customer gets a printable voucher redeemable at ASDA stores. This along with ASDA smart price strategy shows their commitment towards their mission statement.